ИЗВЕСТИЯ СОИГСИ

Keywords: Zelenčuk epitaph, epigraphy, paleography, linguistics, philology, deciphering, Alans

The article analyses one of examples of «deciphering» of the Zelenčuk inscription. As the result inconsistency between the real content of the inscription and its artificially constructed «decipherment», based on the voluntarily made up words, word-combinations and formulas, is fixed. A revealing distortion of the inscription’s signs, their attribution by random phonetic correspondences is marked. The causes of so inadequate and unscientific result of «deciphering» consist in ignorance or primordial acknowledge of the stages of the epigraphic monuments studying. As the author concludes, this «decipherment» must be categorically reject as unscientific.

Keywords: Kabardian principality, Russia, Kalmyk Khanate, Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Peter I, Ayuka, Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky, Prut peace treaty

The article discusses the military-political situation in the Central Ciscaucasia before and in the period of the Russo-Ottoman War of 1711‑1712. The role of Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky in organizing and military-political activity of the anti-Crimean alliance is revealed. The place and role of the Kabardian principalities in eastern policy of Russia is determined. The evolution of the Russian-Kabardian relations, which took place under the changes of the geopolitical situation and the development of the North-Caucasus and Russia’s cooperation and interaction, is come to light.

Keywords: Cossacks, Caucasian line, highlanders, stanitsa, raids, defense, captives

The peculiarities of Cossacks life in the frontier uncertainty in the North Caucasus are shown in the article. The examples of Terek and Kuban Cossacks service in the frontier defense are given. The difficulties and misfortunes, the Cossacks dealt with, were shown. Some aspects were dedicated to deserters who went over to the «unpeaceful» highlanders under some circumstances.

Keywords: Ossetia, Russian educational policy, schools for Mountaineers, Society for restitution of the Orthodox Christianity in the Caucasus, parochial schools, woman schools, vocational pro-gymnasium

The article analyses the changes of an education in the Caucasus in 1860s. This year were marked by activation of the teaching process due to large extent the namestnik’s activities. However the main objective — a creation school for the people — was settled by not the state, but the institutions of the Synod. The new forms of organization of the teaching process in Ossetia are shown: schools for Mountaineers, parochial and woman schools, vocational pro-gymnasium. Their coming and development are considered in the context of the Russian educational policy.

Keywords: S. A. Tukkaev, ethnography, folklore, fests, family rituals, V. F. Miller, beekeeping, land tenure, land use

The article traces the activities of S. A. Tukkaev in the Ossetian studies. The fruitful cooperation of Tukkaev with outstanding Russian scientist V. F. Miller is considered in detail. While creating by Miller his famous «Ossetian Etudes» Tukkaev was a consultant on Digor dialect of the Ossetian language, folklore and ethnography of the Digorians. The Tukkaev’s folklore and ethnographic materials widely used in the first part of the «Ossetian etudes» and in the «Religious beliefs of Ossetians», which consisted the second part of the book, are characterized. On the basis of the letters of Tukkaev to Miller their friendship that bounded a wonderful representative of the Ossetian intellectuals and outstanding scientist is demonstrated. The most significant scientific work of Tukkaev — the historic and ethnographic essay «In the Mountains of Digoria» concerning the land tenure and land use in the mountainous Ossetia and the process of stratification of the Ossetian peasantry — was analyzed.

Keywords: Russia, North Caucasus, economy, cooperation theory, cooperative associations

The article examines the theoretical approaches to cooperation in the Europe and Russia in XIXth — early XXth century. Theory and ideology of cooperation were formed at the crossing of the socialist and liberal ideas. All theorists insisted on a distinction between cooperation and capitalist enterprises aimed for profit earning. An objective of cooperation is satisfaction of social needs, improvement economic status of small owner and consumer in conditions of market economy.

Keywords: Turkish Republic, Circassians, diaspora, ethno-national movement, public associations, historic homeland, North Caucasus

The article discusses in general terms the peculiarities of the evolution of Circassian ethno-national movement in the Turkish Republic, which came into being in the 1950s having turned into quite a prominent element of the country’s socio-political landscape in the present days. The focus is made on the analysis of the basic ideological principles and functional instrumentation of the North Caucasian diasporic associations that were active in the said period.

Keywords: Ossetian dialectology, Digor Variant of Ossetian, resettlement patois, enclave patois

The article defines the main approaches to characteristic and classification of resettlement patois which are in fact a unique object for studying the processes of inter-language and inter-dialects contacting. An analysis of the extra-linguistic and strictly linguistic factors of origination of the Digor patois of the posterior land settlement, which have an enclave character, is done.

Keywords: Sonja Fritz, German Iranian Studies, ancient Ossetian Prayer, old-Dzhav patois, Ossetian dialectology and mythology

The offered S. Fritz’s article is concerned with a poorly known monument of the Ossetian language — a Prayer of the first third of the XIXth century, which was to be published in the travel notes of the German voyager and geographer Johann Georg Kohl. This Prayer is considered by S. Fritz as an oldest one among the extant original Ossetian texts and one of the few testimonies of an old-Dzhav patois. Generally, the S. Fritz’s article reveals not a little important information on the Ossetian dialectology and mythology.

Keywords: literary translation, national specific, original text, translated text, unit of translation, equivalent, interpretation

The article considers the Ts. Ambalov’s Ossetian translations of M. Y. Lermontov’s work «Ashik-Kerib» and A. S. Pushkin’s «Snowstorm» («Tymyg») in comparison with the originals. On the base of comparative analysis of the many language texts the ways of transferring the national specifics of the translated texts are revealed. Specific attention is paid to the transfer of imaginative lexis and the units with the national and cultural components. While analyzing the methods of obtaining the adequate reflection in translations of pragmatics of the original texts were defined.

Keywords: Mother Song, Ossetian folklore, Ossetian wedding, wedding songs, folk music

The article is devoted to the Mother Song performing while the bride was withdrawn from home. The author presents the principles of functioning, as well as the song’s connection with funeral laments. The poetic and musical-typological features of the one are taken to pieces in detail and the issues of its historical development are revealed.

Author presents the materials on the Ossetian common law, extracted from the North Ossetian, Georgian and central archives of Moscow and St. Petersburg, which detailed the estate-land Committees’ and Commissions’ activities in the North Caucasus during the second half of the 19^th century. The analysis of this documental complex allows concluding the developed feudal social and economic relationships in one of the Ossetian societies – the Digorian one.

The complex of materials picturing the unknown sides of the one of provincial city’s daily life over the years of the new economic policy is published. Authors emphasize that studying the social deviations enhances the imaginations on the difficult period of the early Soviet history.

The published document illustrates the one of aspects of the Soviet ideological policy on art culture in post-war period. Author analyses the main tendency of the Communist party “to bring up” the generation in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.

Author publishes the review on the popular book, printed by Ossetian scientist, -“Ossetian ethnographic encyclopedia”. This edition is appreciated as not having analogues in the world ethnography due to presentation the wide panorama of the cultural history of the Ossetian people.

EXPEDITIONS, CONFERENCES, AWARDS

The article informs on the scientific events of NOIHSS: the 2015 NOIHSS EXPEDITION (ethnography, folklore, language) to Turkey, Х International Conference of Yang Scientists “Modern methodology of Humanitarian studying” etc.

IN MEMORY OF Y.Y. KARPOV

This essay is published in memory of the outstanding Russian scientist, ethnographer Y.Y. Karpov. An estimation of his scientific heritage is given, his interest to Caucasus and Caucasian studies is spotted, his role as redactor of some important works of the Ossetian scientists is shown.