ИЗВЕСТИЯ СОИГСИ

The article is devoted to the history of Dagestan towns’ emergence in the XX century. It is noted that 6 of the 10 towns of Dagestan, namely Khasavyurt, Dagestanskiye Ogni, Kizilyurt, Kaspiisk, Izberbash and Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk gained this status during the Soviet period. The article pays special attention to each of these towns, the time of their emergence, their growth and development are deing considered, the acquisition of the status of the town is shown. It is noted that the turning of the former working settlements into towns was promoted for some – by construction of large industrial enterprises – plant No. 182 (“Dvigatelstroy”), a glass factory “Dagestanskiye Ogni”, for others – by the discovery of oil and gas, construction of hydroelectric power stations, etc. All this favored the increase in the urban population, improving the welfare of citizens; a change in the way of life of many Dagestanians, as well as the development of transport and socio-cultural infrastructure of towns and the republic. Attention is paid to the fact that large enterprises were built in Dagestan in the XX century and had a direct impact on the development and formation of towns, at the same time laid the basis for a crisis in the functioning of these towns at the end of the XX – beginning of XXI century.

Keywords: Dagestan, town, settlement, XX century, emergence of towns, industrial enterprises.

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