ИЗВЕСТИЯ СОИГСИ

The fate of the traditional folklore genres in the modern era, the features of their existence, their exposure to changes under the influence of the new reality – these and many other issues naturally arise when setting the problem of the study of the current state of genres of traditional folklore of the peoples of Dagestan. This problem is very extensive, as it covers the whole range of issues related to the degree of stability of oral-poetic traditions in certain regions, the existence of genres, the identification of their local features. Traditional genres of folklore, as noted by a number of researchers (L. G. Barag, T. G. Leonova, N. M. Vedernikova, E. V. Pomerantseva, etc.) are subject to certain changes in the contemporary period. They note the general picture of the decay and gradual extinction of folklore (there are overcome their age some types of ceremonial poetry, ballads, became extinct the heroic epic tradition, etc.). The transformation processes also touched upon the genres of Dagestan folk tales, in particular in folklore of Dargins, one of the ethnic group of multinational Dagestan. The material shows that not all fairy-tale genres are preserved in the form, in which they were active during their heyday. In the present article it is shown that the fairy tradition undergoes changes, which occur during reconsidering traditional fairy plots and the creation on their basis of new ones, reflecting elements of the modern reality. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the texts of fairy tales from traditional repertoire and their variants, fixed by us in the Dargin districts (Dahadaev, Kaytag, and oth.) we have identified characteristic features of the change of fairy tale structure and the penetration into the fairy style modern elements, etc. We came to the conclusion that in the long process of historical development of society and the evolution, that the people's worldview has undergone, texts changed, was reinterpreted, obtained new contents. It is reflected in specific art techniques and means. An interesting feature of the modern existence of fairy tales is the introduction into the narrative different comments from the narrator himself. In the type of narration there is also a digression from the traditional fairy canons: there is an intertwining of archaic elements with later overlays, their variation and reinterpretation, etc.

Keywords: traditional folklore, genres, modernity, influence, changes, fairy tale, archaic elements, artistic techniques, composition, origins, structure, type of narrative.

References:

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