ИЗВЕСТИЯ СОИГСИ

The article discusses the questions on the North Caucasian civilization, its formation and development. It is common knowledge, that the languages in the Caucusian region have writing traditions, which are rather young. Unfortunately, today the factor of absence of writing is a key criteria for labeling the traditional cultures of small peoples as “primitive”, and scientists fail to consider, that within the space of such culture its basic functions are carried out by social and cultural communication. The eminent scholar and philosopher H. Tkhagapsoev thinks that, long-term interaction of unwritten cultures with written and traditional cultures facilitates the formation of compensatory, i.e. communicative, mechanisms. The existence of integrity of heterogeneous elements in the Caucasian cultures and cultural traditions constitutes the key of Caucasian civilization essence, the fact that for the first time was highlighted by the outstanding orientalist V.I. Abaev. There are varied opinions on the definition of the North Caucasian civilization. Part of the scientists recognize its existence, while others believe that the existence of Caucasian civilization is only a methodological problem, and, for the third part, the Caucasus region is only the contact zone of civilizations and cultures. Comprehension of civilization as subethnic or interethnic construction, a format which allows ethnic groups with similar cultural traits to find forms of their community and its own historic route, gives reason to believe that mechanisms of cultural continuity and transferring of historical experience, typical for the concrete ethnic group, are essential in forming and development of the concrete local civilization. In this case, the concept of "cultural essence of the historical process" incorporates evolutions – social and man's inner world, his ways of manifestation –, the socio-cultural communication, logics of interaction, behavioral stereotypes. The article offers to base the approach to the problems of the Caucasian civilization on such presumptions. Difference of the North Caucasian civilization from the others lies in the specificity of the communicative culture, uniqueness of the ecosphere and geostrategic position of the region. Moreover, as a civilization it became united through dialogue and cultural interaction.

Keywords: Caucasian, North Caucasian, civilization, lecton, succession.

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