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ISSN 2223-165X

V.I. ABAEV NORTH-OSSETIAN INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITARIAN AND SOCIAL STUDIES

OF VLADIKAVKAZ SCIENCE CENTRE OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

AND THE GOVERNMENT OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA

ИЗВЕСТИЯ СОИГСИ

RUBAEVA E.M. FROM THE HISTORY OF HEALTH CARE ACTIONS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE END OF THE XIX – THE BEGINNING OF THE XX c. Print

The author refers to the history of sanitary-antiepidemic service in the Northern Caucasus. The article considers the problem of the forming of sanitary-hygienic culture as a basis for public health and the role of systematic preventive actions in this process. A special attention is given to the critical situation in the Northern Caucasus at the edge of the XIX-XX c., which was a consequence of epidemics. High level of death rate can be ascribed not only to social problems, but to climatic and geographical peculiarities of the region as well. The main directions of activities of the sanitary-executive departments at the city governments are examined as well as the role of the Terek Cossacks Army Administration in the forming of health care service. The health-care, prophylactic, anti-epidemic and emergency actions (organization of a quarantine line) carried out by these departments, helped to narrow the area of infectious diseases. It shows the role of the Terek Area Popular School’s Teachers Meeting (1882), were the issue of teacher’s role in prophylactic and antiepidemic actions at schools was discussed. The unpublished archival data on the League against Tuberculosis’ activities (Piatigorsk, 1911) is introduced into scientific usage, particularly the “White Flower” fest, which was one of the important charitable and prophylactic of the League’s actions. The efforts of medical intelligentsia, city governments and society for improving the situation in the region are highlighted. The organization of extraordinary prophylactic and antiepidemic measures, charitable actions facilitated preservation of the people’s health. However, paucity of medical staff, lack of funds significantly limited the opportunities and effectiveness of the health care activities.

Keywords: North Caucasus, sanitary and antiepidemic service, preventive actions, Terek Oblast Popular Schoo’sl Teachers Meeting, League against Tuberculosis, “White Flower” fest, sanitary-hygienic culture.


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