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SUMMARIES OF ARTICLES
HISTORY AND ETHNOLOGY Basieva Z. M. Russian Positions Return in Cherkessia of Postwar in 1856 // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2014. Iss. 13 (52). P. Keywords: Crimean War, Russia, Circassia, Turkey, Circassian question, Sefer-bey The complicated circumstances of Russian return to active policy in Circassia at the end of the Crimean war of 1853‑1856 are considered in the article. The author analyzes in detail Sefer-Bey’s activity aimed to counteraction the process of Russian positions assertion in Cherkessia of postwar and maintenance of Pro-Turkish spirits among its inhabitants as well. It is mentioned that ever since a new stage of Russian-Circassian confrontation begins.
Keywords: North Caucasus, colonization, Russification, «land issue» One of the aspects of «Russification» policy in the North Caucasus was colonization of local territories, the social meaning of which had several important dimensions. Changing the socio-demographic background of this territory, the Russian new settlers carried with them also a strong Kulturträger potential, which exerted significant influence upon the socio-economic development of the region. On the other hand, government’s increased attention to the Russian immigrants exacerbated the «land issue» that was always acute for local population and eventually turned into a factor of raised conflict potential.
Keywords: revolution, highlanders, Cossacks, party, criminality, conflict The article reveals the specificity of the situation, which took shape in the Central and Northeastern Caucasus as a result of the revolutionary events of 1917 and the beginning of the Civil War. The splash of criminality that captured the region is shown. In addition the participants often concealed their criminal intentions with revolutionary and religious terminology.
Keywords: natural and technical sciences, university science, North Caucasian Mining and Metallurgical Institute, Gorsky Agricultural Institute, North Ossetian Medical Institute, scientific activity, North Ossetia The article analyses the key directions of scientific work of North Ossetian universities in the second half of 1950‑s — first half of 1960‑s. The financial sources of research and development work of the universities are revealed, the relationships between industrial and agricultural enterprises of the republic and other regions of the country are considered, and the cost-effectiveness of implementation of the inventions is shown. The author concludes that the process of modernization over the studied period gave a positive impetus to the development of natural sciences and engineering in North Ossetia. This provided rather sustainable development of the republic for the next decade.
Keywords: Republic of Turkey, press, Circassians, diaspora, ethno-national movement, North Caucasus, Soviet regime, repatriation The article deals with the evolution of the North Caucasian diasporic press in the Republic of Turkey in the period from the beginning of liberalization processes in the country in the middle of the 20th century until the military coup of September 12, 1980. A general characteristic of the ideological principles of periodicals published by various associations and groups of Circassian intellectuals and oriented towards the ethnic readership is provided.
Keywords: handicraft trades, felt making, men’s headgears, felted hat, etiquette, interaction of cultures The article discusses the history of origin, modes of production and bearing of one of the most popular types of Ossetian men’s headgear — felted hat. Ethno-cultural parallels with Iranian and Turkic material-objective world are researched with assistance of the archaeological, linguistic, folkloric, illustrative and field ethnographic data, etiquette rules associated with felted hat are revealed. The problem of revival of folk handicraft trades is raised, in particular the relevance, keeping and organization of production of this headgear in the modern mountain conditions, transfer of the traditional skills of its making to the young generations.
LINGUISTICS AND FOLKLOR STUDIES Gutieva E. T. About Possible Diachronic Pleonasm in «Russian People» // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2014. Iss. 13 (52). P. Keywords: endoethnonym, exoethnonym, etymon, derivative, loan, prothesis, apheresis The forms of the exoethnonym Russian in Caucasian, Turkish, European languages and Ossetian have varied initial labial elements, usually classified as prothetic sounds. Presuming that such forms preserved by different languages, namely Ossetian, the descendant of Scythian and Alanian, are more etymological, allows to trace the origin of the ethnonym to the common Indo-European root *weraz/*wiros «man, human».
Keywords: phraseology, paremiology, speech formulas, pragmatics, semantics Activation of the mechanisms of speech influence is directly linked with the processes of thinking and perception studied by philosophers, psychologists, neuroscientists, linguists, and experts in cognitive science, neurolinguistics, linguosynergy, lingvopsychology, etc. Despite the long and sustained interest in the issues of verbal-mnestic activity, there is no scientific discipline that gives a clear answer to the question of how the very process of interaction between the cognitive domain of the source and the target area in the process of creating images (metaphorization) occurs. At the heart of the verbal-mnestic activity, there are complex processes of creation and processing of images, which, in one form or another, are intended to influence the recipient. Activation of the mechanisms of influence becomes possible in the presence of an object, a specific purpose or by particular structuring of speech patterns. The required sequence and the apparent compliance with all of these conditions are present, in the majority of cases, only in the ceremonial and ritual texts. This allows us characterizing such a three-component system as the main activators of the mechanism of influence.
Keywords: lexicon, ritual term, wedding rites In this paper we attempted to analyze one of the ritual terms wazæg (guest), referring to the code of characters of the wedding Ossetian text; to set the level of importance of the analyzed figure, to reveal correlation between terminology and subject it calls. Semantic and symbolic features of the character of wazæg and its ceremonial functions were determined without departing from the context of the rite.
TO THE TWO HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF ACADEMICIAN A. M. SHEGREN Chibirov L. A. The Academician A. Shegren’s Contribution to the Scientific Development of Ossetian Linguistics and Ethnography (to the Scientist’s Two Hundredth Anniversary) // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2014. Iss. 13 (52). P. Keywords: Shegren, polyglot, linguistics, Caucasus, Ossetian language, graphics, ethnographer Academician A. Shegren is a coryphaeus of the scientific Ossetian studies, an author of the outstanding work — «The Ossetian Grammar», a creator of graphics for the Ossetian language on the Cyrillic background. An importance of the scientist as an ethnographer and specialist in Ossetian studies is shown in the article alongside with evaluation of Shegren’s contribution to the development of Ossetian linguistics.
Keywords: A. M. Shegren, Ossetian grammar, G. Mzhedlov, Psalms, Gospel, translations, Ossetian language, Vladikavkaz Religious School Article traces the scientific-coordinating activities of a founder of the scientific Ossetian studies Academician A. M. Segren connected with the reviewing of translations of educational and liturgical literature into Ossetian performed by the inspector of the Vladikavkaz Religious School G. D. Mzhedlov. Assistance rendered by Shegren with these reviews to Mzhedlov is examined in detail. In the article the correspondence between Shegren and Mzhedlov is widely used. A conclusion on the fruitful character of the cooperation between Academician Shegren and Mzhedlov is done.
Keywords: A. M. Shegren, Ossetian dialectology, dialects of Digor variant of the Ossetian language, Ossetian lexis The article focuses on studying some dialectological aspects of the Ossetian language and illuminating the important role, which «The Ossetian Grammar» by A. M. Segren has played in the development of Ossetian dialectology. The article contains an analysis of Digor archaic lexis and terminology presented in the Shegren’s vocabulary, which is a monument of the Ossetian language of the first half of the 19th century.
Keywords: ethnographic data, holy place, Digor gorge, sacral attributes Three ethnographic texts by the pre-Revolutionary researches on the one hand render an apprehension on the state of the holy place of Digori izædi lægæt at that time, and on the other hand give an idea on the state of ethnography in its part on Ossetia. The given descriptions of the holy place are the texts, which differ in their size and information exhaustiveness; the various features of the locality and the contemplated object / the holy place are reflected in these texts.
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